A Preliminary Review of Modified Polymethyl Methacrylate and Calcium-Based Bone Cement for Improving Properties in Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures

The incidence of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) increases gradually with age, resulting in different degrees pain for patients, even possible neurological damage and deformity, which can seriously affect their quality life. Vertebral augmentation plays an important role the surgical treatment OVCFs. As most widely used bone cement material, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) offers inherent advantages, such as injectability, ease handling, cost-effectiveness. However, its application clinic, some disadvantages have been found, including cytotoxicity, high polymerization temperature, elastic modulus, compressive strength. To improve mechanical properties biological performance conventional PMMA cement, several studies modified it by adding bioceramics, bioglass, polymer materials, nanomaterials, other exhibited advantages. In addition, alternative calcium phosphate, sulfate, silicate cements—including modifications—have also explored. this review, we examined existing research on side-effects materials designed to An overview various cements help further scientific clinical applications.